Essay about The Romans, Water and Civilization - 994 Words

For centuries we have known water to be the most essential element of life. Water is unscented, nearly colorless and flavorless in its most true form. An element found within our own body, found in the food we eat and the beverages we drink. We use it to cleanse ourselves, our clothes, dishes and just about everything around us. All forms of life need it, and if they dont get enough of it, they die. Political disputes have centered on it. In some places, its treasured and incredibly difficult to get. In others, its incredibly easy to get and then squandered. Water became a commodity with the Roman Empire it was of course required for their existence, therefore, the Roman Empire had to come up with a way to control and†¦show more content†¦The usage of mortar helped prevent leaks throughout the aqueducts, but later Roman engineers switched to concrete instead of stone blocks making them more stable. As population grew in Rome so was the popularity of fountains and public baths, which required more aqueducts to allow for an adequate water supply. The aqueducts served 591 lacus (or major delivery points), and each, on average, delivered 60 cubic meters of water per day (Herschel, 1913). Bruun estimates that each delivery point served, on average, 900 individuals. This computes to a per capita water use of 67 liters per day. Like today the Romans used an underground water system and most of that water came from their aqueducts spread throughout the Roman Empire. According to the book Waterworks: About 10 percent of the total went to the emperor to be used in any way he wished and about 50 percent went to private customers who paid a tax for the water they received. The remaining 40 percent went to the military camps, public baths and lavatories, public fountains, and large basins open to the public. The large public basins provided the main supply of water for the city’s poor people, who came and filled their jugs and buckets at all hours of the day and night. Water had an influence on making the Roman engineers more daring through theShow MoreRelatedHow Did The Technology Of Roman Empire Impact It?1741 Words   |  7 Pagesand the Roman Empire started to gain strength. They broke treaties and conquered neighboring countries. They revised battle tactics, weapons, legions, but mostly technology to emerge as an undisputed leader of the Mediterranean. The Roman Empire was eager to find new ways, new technology, to help the empire grow beyond imaginable. Arches, military weapons, and basic technology were all created by the Empire. However, the question trying to be answered is, â€Å"How did the technology of Roman Empire impactRead MoreRome: Engineering an Empire812 Words   |  4 Pagesunrivalled power of technology to make the Roman Empire span across three continents and many centuries. While the contributions of ambition, conquest and other political and militaristic factors remain important for the Roman Republic to transform into an Empire, none of this could have been possible without the immense contribution of engineering and technology. In this essay, we shall look into three engineering feats that I believe were crucial in building the Roman Empire. We shall be making use of theRead MoreEssay On Rome And Han Civilizations831 Words   |  4 PagesIt is true that there were two really great civilizations that were created and they were Rome and Han China. Both of these civilizations had become more interested in consolidating power within the limits than expanding them. Each empire brought the provinces of their domains together to create a regime of unprecedented scales and enhanced the integration of local worlds into a common legal and cultural framework. The Han dynasty became China’s formative empire, expanding Han rule in all directionsRead MoreThe Roman And Roman Civilization1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roman civilization isn’t a vague memory from the past, but is instead still prese nt everywhere you look in Western civilization. It isn’t easy to ignore or miss the greatness that once was and still is from this grand empire. The Roman culture’s greatness was based off the imitation, but vastly improved ideas of nearby cultures for its own purpose. The majority of the concepts or ideas in Rome came from their association with the Etruscan, Egyptian and Greek civilizations. Yet, the Roman culture’sRead MoreEgyptian Struggle The Symbiosis Relationship Between Egypt And The Nile864 Words   |  4 Pages When Egypt was first established as a civilization, the Egyptian people survived in the over flow swamp lands of the Nile River. After decades of educating themselves about the natural order of the lands, the Egyptian people devised a plan to drain the swamp lands in order to turn the lands into crop fields. What they did not know was that draining the land of its water would deprive future generations of a proper water source. This need for a steady water supply would drive the improve Egypt’sRead MorePlumbing During The Roman Empire Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe water toilet may be a modern invention, but plumbing has existed since 2700 BC with the civilizations of the Indus Valley designing the first plumbing system for its people. However, among the ancient civilizations that became vast civilizations, the Romans attained the use of plumbing and toilets into an art, so much that an individual from the past decade could go to Ancient Rome and understand everything about an ancient toilet easily, even if the lack of comfort might seem unsettling at firstRead MoreAncient Rome And The Han Dynasty In China1279 Words   |  6 PagesSo 11/24/17 DBQ ESSAY During the Classical Period, Ancient Rome and the Han Dynasty in China were two prospering civilizations. On one hand, there was Ancient Rome, which was a civilization in the Mediterranean area that had been able to last about one-thousand years. Ancient Rome was also considered to be one of the most influential civilizations. The Han Dynasty on the other hand lasted four-hundred years and instead of being the most influential society, the Han Dynasty wasRead MoreCollapse of Civilizations1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe factors that lead to the collapse of civilizations are almost directly related to those that created it. Archaeologists characterize collapse by a number of elements, some of which we have evidence for, others we do not. Most archaeologists are unsure of exactly what caused the decline of most civilizations in the ancient world, yet there are many clues to some of the events that could have contributed. The collapse of the ancient Roman Empire, the Mesoamerican Mayan, and the Egyptian culturesRead More Collapse of Civilizations Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pages The factors that lead to the â€Å"collapse† of civilizations are almost directly related to those that created it. Archaeologists characterize collapse by a number of elements, some of which we have evidence for, others we do not. Most archaeologists are unsure of exactly what caused the decline of most civilizations in the ancient world, yet there are many clues to some of the events that could have contributed. The collapse of the ancient Roman Empire, the Mesoamerican Mayan, and the Egyptian culturesRead MoreClassical Rome And Classical Greece1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe contemporary United States has been influenced by many ancient civilizations, mainly Classical Rome and Classical Greece. Even though Greece had a tremendous influence over our civilization, out of these two classical civilizations, I believe that Classical Rome has had a bigger impact on many aspects of the c ontemporary United States. In this essay, I am going to examine the political system, economic system, and the architecture of the Classical Rome Empire, and explain how these influenced

Roman And The Roman s Road - 1169 Words

For years, I have been taught and has used the Roman’s Road in leading someone to Christ. Marked in my early bibles are Roman 3:23, 5:8, 6:23, 10:9-10 and 10:13. I was instructed to first have the individual realize that YOU ARE a sinner. -Romans 3:23 states, For all have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God. We are ALL sinners. But, God loves us and He sent His son, Jesus Christ, to die on the cross for our sins. Next to realize that God Loves them. Romans 5:8 says, But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. There is no greater love than that someone would lay down their life for a friend. That s what Christ did for us. Then, without Him, you re literally doomed. Romans†¦show more content†¦It was not until Saddleback Church, Pastor Rick Warren, published â€Å"The Purpose Driven Life†, that the idea of discipleship reached every member of a congregation. No longer was disciple-making limited to t he leadership of the church. My church participated in the Purpose Driven Life 40-Day Campaign and had 35 cell groups in the surrounding neighborhood. Krallman’s book does the same think. He outlines that the Jesus as we all know, taught and discipled disciples before the ascension to heaven. He demonstrated that the pure act of discipleship: being together in one accord to impact for achievement is at the core of impartation. Krallman puts it this way, â€Å"people imparting life to other people.† This impartation is usually done by the discipler to his disciples to introduce them to a new realm, expose them to precepts and principles needed to lead from that position. This was all what we saw Jesus do while he was here on this earth. After completing the assignment on earth, Jesus ascended to heaven. Jesus advised his disciples that the Holy Spirit (of mentorship) will bring about remembrance of all things taught (John 14:26). In other words, to guide and be with them. Therefore, at this point the Holy Spirit served as their mentor not as a Discipler. For me, this is how a disciple should prepare a new convert for Christian maturity. Once you can discern that such convert can grasp the basic precepts of Christian living, then comes the leading ofShow MoreRelatedRoman Roads1495 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Roman Roads: An Empire Connected LVV4U1 December 16, 2013 â€Å"Man has always moved along a road. It’s just what the road has looked like that’s changed over time† (Dan McNichol). Some would say that the legacy of the Roman Empire is viewed as the foundation of civilization, having influenced every aspect of modern society, from literature to mathematics. Even today, Roman law and foundation of government forms the basis of several modern democracies. The ancient Empire`s monuments stillRead MoreThe Silk Road1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe Silk Road united China and the Roman Empire economically, but the territories and cities in-between the two empires truly were the backbone of the Silk Road. The webbed trade routes had a strong impact that they lasted for over 1000 years. The greatness of both nations and their accomplishments economically are astonishing and have changed the history of the world through culture, war, disease, religion, and technology. Culturally the spread of languages and major religions in the wor ld todayRead MoreRome and Its Lasting Impression on the World1538 Words   |  7 PagesThe Roman Empire and Its Influence on Western Civilization Rome s vast empire lasted for an amazing one thousand-year reign. Half of it referred to as the republic, and the other as the empire. However, after its fall in 5oo-a.d. Rome has still remained in existence through its strong culture, architecture, literature, and even religion (Spielvogel 175). Even after its disappearance as a nation Rome left behind a legacy that will never be forgotten. Its ideals and traditions have been immolatedRead MoreEngineering Architects Impacted Our Life Today1051 Words   |  5 Pages Engineering Architects impacted our life today and Rome s life many years ago. If you don t think that engendering and Architects are the greatest impact, then what is? Think about this what would happen if these things were never created how would we live today. Roman was a very powerful city. Rome was very efficient they created many magnificent structures weather it s building, art or langue. Rome was a very powerful city but slowly it started to loss it powerRead MoreThe Civilization Of Ancient Rome1595 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom the sixth century BC to the fifth century AD. The Roman Empire was the second empire to conquer most of the Mediterranean Sea basin, the first being the Ancient Greeks. After taking over the former Greek Empire, the Romans assimilated many aspects of Greek culture into their own, including the Greek Architecture. The main attributions to Ancient Roman architecture are cement, the arch, the vault, the dome and centralized road systems. The Roman Architectural Revolution is also known as the ConcreteRead MoreThe Achaemenid Era Of The Persian Empire1652 Words   |  7 PagesBabylon and King of the four corners of the world.† (Cyrus) Although this would not be the furthest reaches of the Empire Cyrus had now made the Persian Empire one of the largest and most powerful Empires in the World. After his death in 530 BCE Cyrus s son, Cambyces II, continued to expand the empire, most notably conquering conquer Egypt. (SNT p. 141) Once established, the Persian Empire followed the mindset that was established by Cyrus in that they were an â€Å"autocratic but a culturally tolerantRead MoreROMAN EMPIRE AND THE HAN DYNASTY IN CHINA1441 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE HAN DYNASTY IN CHINA Rodrick Carter HIEU 201 Liberty University 29 November 2014 Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty in China The Roman Empire and Han Dynasty in China are two kingdoms that, despite the geographical difference between them, managed to achieve great success and failure in equal measure. Both were characterized by imperial dynasties that were headed by the emperors and they held large territories. Both of these kingdoms faced various challenges afterRead MoreComparing The Achaemenid Empire And The Imperial Stability And Prosperity Were Cyrus And Darius1638 Words   |  7 Pagesgeographically distinct civilizations such as the Parthians and Romans drew inspiration from Persians. Although Persian economic policies were enacted by later cultures, the Achaemenid Empire predominantly benefited later civilizations through modeling intelligent leadership that was primarily focused on refining administrative techniques and unifying society. Achaemenid rulers influenced the political systems of the Greeks and Romans through establishing and managing self-governing provinces. WhenRead MoreRome : The Capital City Of Italy Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesRome is the capital city of Italy, situated in the central-western Italian Peninsula. The historical context of Rome begins at around 753 B.C.E. Rome s initial relocation was in a portion of different early ethnicities, such as, Etruscans, Latins, and Sabines, eventually populating the city as the capital of the Roman Monarchy, Republic, and Empire. For around 244 years, Rome was represented by a monarchy. Over the 244 year time span, â€Å"there were seven rulers to control the kingdom, in sequentialRead MoreRoman Empire And The Han Dynasty Contrast912 Words   |  4 PagesRoman Empire and the Han Dynasty Contrast Rise of the Roman Empire The Roman Empire is still known today as one of history’s most powerful period. Rome government had stick rules and policies. The Roman government at this point was known as the Roman Republic. The Roman Republic was controlled by the roar Rome. Bureaucracy was ran throughout the region, but Rome did not want this nor could they afford it. However, they did allow small cities to run a lower level of government. The exercise

Power to the actor Essay Example For Students

Power to the actor Essay Faced so consistently with actors maneuvered by auteur-directors who disdain them almost as much as they loathe the transparency of good playwriting, Im prepared, at last, to confess that Donald Wolfit was one of the greatest actors I ever saw. By which I mean to indicate, quixotically perhaps, that great actors in the full sway of their passions, eccentricities and startling ideas, are likely to be more persuasive conduits to the interior of plays than postmodernist directors with their terrifying grip on arbitrary, decorative conception. Confession is called for in Wolfits case because he would appear to be the worst argument on behalf of actors vs. directors. As a student in London, I joined my classmates at his performances in order to be astonished by an antediluvian display of actor-manager tricks; we knew him as the last survivor of a thoroughly discredited fashion the actor as organizer of Great Moments featuring Himself. In Gielgud and Olivier, we recognized not rivals so much as complementary actor-visionaries in touch, albeit from different directions, with tradition and possibility, willing to serve the directorial quirks of Tyrone Guthrie and Peter Brook even as they were preserving the granitic truths embedded in their own talents. Wolfit, by contrast, was letting the century pass him by without giving a pass to what had been learned about acting. Not for him the reflective intelligence of Chekhov: more than pre-Freudian, his acting was positively biblical in its hortatory, insistent presence. The role m ay have been Lear, Oedipus or even Volpone, but Wolfit was always Job. Surely that was what we thought we were seeing. How could we look ahead to a time when such gigantic individuality would be missed? Instead, our dismissive laughs helped us to overlook what was splendid amid the ruins. There he stood towards the end of a long evening as Oedipus in both parts of Sophocless tragedy, alone center stage on a raised platform, surrounded by a company that would have disgraced Crummless troupe in Nicholas Nickleby. Preparing himself for his final declamation by paying absolutely no attention to the buzz and bustle of this hapless colleagues, he was blind Oedipus in search of his follow-spot. Meanwhile, he was also uncomfortable with his hat, pulling it forward, nudging it back or side-saddle, intent on making it sit squarely over his great white pudding face. And considering that it was more like a Dali-designed chapeau than a hat, a cross between a futuristic schooner and a hero sandwich, this was quite an achievement. When the fuss was over, his blind eye s silenced the others with a gaze so baleful that it might have burned through steel. The speech   and speech it was   could now begin. But this too was excavation rather than acting   a voice heard unaccountably after the lava had frozen over the dead city. The first sound, a primordial wheeze, was the signal for experienced Wolfitians that the organist was merely pumping air into the pipes. This was baby-breath, the early tentative statement of a fugue that would soon gather a second, third and even fourth voice into its complex weave, striding finally into an outburst of sunshine on a storm-swept sea Wolfit as reckless mixed metaphor, not likely to be ruled by manners or restraint. Had we known better about such distinctions almost 40 years ago, we should have seen not ham, but a porcine Olympian defying the other gods: I may be a falling star, he was saying, but dont take any wagers on what the cosmos will be like without me. That it hasnt done so well isnt exactly news, though truth to tell, a multitude of Wolfits would not have much effort on our sorry situation in all its particulars. Most American directors have long since turned from the pressure of the next and the presence of the actor to Smart Moments featuring Themselves. At the New York Shakespeare Festival recently, Anne Bogarts version of Brechts In the Jungle of the Cities was obssessed by a private agenda involving faces made up in differing colors. (Greg Mehrtens Worm, for example, was a sickly sea-green that did nothing to conceal his own discomfort as an actor required to stand ramrod-stiff while shouting his lines.) Brechts journey into blasted souls Garga and Shlink, especially, on a strange slow-motion trajectory into each others sexuality   was nowhere in evidence, not out of prurient indifference, but simply because the actors were programmed to do something else, most of it having to do with postures, gestures and positionings. T wo actors going literally nose-to-nose in an argument are not automatically a howl, at least to those of us who havent yet called a truce with canned laughter. Oh, for a muse of ice! EssayBut that cant happen if, unlike Mnouchkine, youre ripping metaphor from every source except the text and the actor. Too often, the images on stage reveal a director at work who has lost the memory of how an actor moves from one point in his discoveries to another. Just as instrumentalists such as Ashkenazy and Barenboim travel from solo performance to podium, actors might seize the day for themselves, not necessarily assuming theyre better than our best directors, only that   like their musical counterparts   they have vital messages to deliver about ank ancient art. Let the auteur be the author, even when, in Shanleys case, he stumbles over his own words. Better than miscalculation than the pretence that live theatre is about amplified voices, moving scenery and air-tight grouping of bloodless, semi-paralyzed actor-marionettes. An actor, says Mnouchkine, is not paid to conceal but to show, although you wouldnt always recognize that truth when direct ors work so hard to conceal what actors can show. Wolfit surely courted status as an endangered species, but he dominated the stage, as Tynan said, by a mighty exercise of talent, thrust, and will, qualities available to actors that neednt be buried yet. Its not the actor whos endangered, anyway, its the audience. But I doubt if anythings to be done except to revive our faith in the primeval ritual of the living performance. Let a director have the last word. Mnouchkine again: Each time, the path towards beauty in the theatre seems harder and the precipice steeper. I feel this fragility more and more. I think that theatre is eternal, although when I watch the television, I sometimes think that it might die. Im afraid that soon we will no longer know what an actor is.

Using Social Networking Sites to Support Business

Introduction Businesses are constantly striving to expand their customer base and increase profitability. This statement holds true in the e-business environment where business owners are aiming to increase their visibility and attract more clients. Over the course of the past decade, Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have emerged as a novel means for e-businesses to connect with customers and expand their customer base.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Using Social Networking Sites to Support Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This prominence of SNSs has been caused by their popularity since the sights attract millions of user all over the world. These sites are the fastest growing segment on the web and their potential for ecommerce is great. Even so, the implication that SNSs have for business still remains unclear. Some authors such as Weber (2009) declare that marketing in SNSs will result in development of client base and help a person to build their business. Others such as Clemons et al (2007) view the potential of SNSs in building business as overstated. Considering this varied opinion concerning the impact of SNSs on business, this paper will set out to discuss whether SNSs such as Facebook and MySpace are good for supporting business. The paper will delve into the potential threats as well as benefits that are associated with using SNSs to support business. SNSs for Marketing Support The primary means through which businesses get customers is by advertising themselves. Traditional advertisements make use of mass media devices. However, there has been a notable change in customer response towards advertisement over the last decade. As a result of the huge volume of information on products that people are getting from mainstream media, a vast majority of people are losing trust in conventional advertisements. In its place, people are not using the internet which provides an ind ividual with a huge amount of information. The customer is now able to compare prices, discover discounts and discover a diverse option of attributes for similar products. As a result of this, today’s consumer is far better informed about their options and this informedness has significantly altered consumer behavior. Research indicates that the availability of information via SNSs results in changes in the shopping habits of customers even for purchases that are made via traditional physical facilities. It is estimated that up to 90% of consumers perform some type of online comparison shopping before visiting a car dealer (Clemons et al. 2007). These findings suggest that to a great extent, informedness is replacing paid corporate promotions. Ecommerce has therefore had to move from transaction based to social network based forms of advertising. SNSs are built around relationships and interactions within groups of individuals with shared interests or activities. These relati onships play a role in the spread of information and influence among the members.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More SNSs sites demonstrate phenomenal amounts of traffic online. Stroud (2008) reports that as of 2007, social networking websites accounted for over 7% of all internet visits. This huge online presence can be used to increase the visibility of a business and its products. In addition to this, some of this traffic can be redirected to ecommerce websites with huge benefits being obtained by the ecommerce site. While there are many SNSs available, MySpace and Facebook are important in the context of ecommerce since they attract over 70% of all US advertising revenues in the SNSs category (Stroud 2008, p.281). Businesses can participate in these two websites in a number of ways to market themselves to their prospective customers. The most elementary manner is by becomi ng friends with users which allows the business to communicate directly with the user (Fatimah Murphy 2010). This method will enable the business to communicate with SNSs members and therefore create product awareness and brand loyalty. Businesses can also pay to have their advertisements or link to their pages appear on the profile of a user. A user can then be redirected to the ecommerce website on clicking on the link provided. Benefits of Using SNSs SNSs can be used to provide important information to assist the business formulate effective strategies. For example, e-commerce websites can use SNSs to collect useful data for predictions of market trends and customer behavior. By doing this, the company can realign its products so that they are in line with the current market trends. For example, user-generated content was able to persuade Cadbury to reintroduced a discontinued chocolate bar since data from Facebook revealed that almost 14000 users were petitioning for the bar to be returned (Fatimah Murphy 2010).The comments that the business receives through MySpace and Facebook can be used to give insights to improve services as well as create a positive word of mouth for the business. This will help the business to gain a competitive advantage and hence increase its profitability. The potential of SNSs for ecommerce especially among the youth is significant. Jansen, Sobel and Cook (2011) reveal that teenagers spend over 80% of their money on themselves which makes the youth market a crucial demographic. While teenagers do not spend a lot of money online since many do not have credit cards, they use the internet to consult about products. Many youths use SNSs to seek advice on shopping from their friends. This is a critical matter for marketers since research indicates that people aged 21 and below influence â€Å"81% of their families’ apparel purchases and 52% of their car choices† (Jansen et al. 2011, p.122). Weber (2009) declares that a business has a natural advantage when presenting its products on SNSs since it is the most trusted source of official information about the products in question.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Using Social Networking Sites to Support Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More SNSs can be used to formulate highly personalized advertisements for the potential client. MySpace and Facebook enable companies to target their advertising in such a manner that they are appropriate to the particular user. This will help to improve profitability by increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the business’s advertising efforts. In addition to this, Social networking users are a heterogeneous group and there is an increasingly diverse range of people using SNSs (Stroud 2008). There is therefore a high probability that the customer and potential customers of a business are already using SNSs. The user-generated c ontent on SNSs can be used to identify audience for on-line brand advertizing. Provost et al. (2009) reveal that unlike direct-marketing-style online advertising, online brand advertising relies on more than just click generation. Instead, it focuses on getting a brand-oriented messaged to an audience of interest. Provost et al. (2009) report that there is a correlation between seeing online brand advertising and an increase in online and offline purchases. Facebook and MySpace can be used to as tools to contact potential business partners. Fatimah and Murphy (2010) demonstrate that through MySpace, small business can come into contact with like-minded businesses and form partnerships which will be beneficial for both parties. Weber (2009) states that small business owners can easily tap into a global network of peers and advisers by using social networking tools that such as Facebook and MySpace. Threats of Using SNSs Many of the SNSs are considered by the individual user to be per sonal spaces and they are primarily used to enhance friendships and relationships. Jansen et al (2010) asserts that MySpace and Facebook are used primarily to keep up with friends and less than 10% of the users use the site to meet new people. This thought is corroborated by Ellison et al (2007) who reports that most people use SNSs primarily to contact friends. Attempts by businesses to use SNSs as platforms to market themselves may therefore be counterproductive. Advertisements on SNSs may be a complete failure since it may be perceived by the SNSs user as offensive or as an intrusion of their privacy. For example, the use of friends like from Facebook for direct marketing has received a lot of criticism due to privacy concerns (Provost et al. 2009). Clemons (2007) rightfully asserts that if brands chose to clutter SNSs with advertisements, users will avoid them in the same way they avoid pop-ups and view them as intrusive and annoying.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While it is possible to issue targeted advertisement through SNSs, the uses typically ignore these advertisements (Urstadt 2008). Users do not go to SNSs for advertising-based content about a range of products. MySpace and Facebook are not seen by the typical user as the platforms from which to go looking for presentational advertising messages. Urstadt (2008) states that it is therefore likely that the intended audience for a business’s message will not view, much less respond to the advertisement. SNSs may also have a negative impact on a business since they may attract negative responses. A case study on Go Workabout (GW), a Small Australian Company, revealed that there are some setbacks to using MySpace to promote a business. These setbacks are in the form of parasitic friends who feed off their friendship for unfriendly pursuits. This include posting misleading comments that my hurt the business (Fatimah Murphy 2010, p.706). A business will therefore be required to cons tantly monitor its SNSs activities and remove unsolicited or unproductive messages. The huge optimism held about the potential of SNSs to help business is on the assumption that they actually replicate in crucial ways face-to-face networks. Clemons et al. (2007, p.268) suggests that online communities are at best â€Å"truncated networks, lacking in depth and intensity†. Facebook allows a user to add others to their network of â€Å"friends† therefore building a community. However, the friendship relationships mostly lack any corresponding basis in contact, shared experience, or shared values. This means that online â€Å"friends† are not necessarily trusted. It is therefore not apparent that the online network members will solicit advice on products from one another (Clemons et al. 2007). A business should therefore approach SNSs with caution since the people who participate in these networks seldom look to other participants as valid sources of information. As has been noted, it is the decreasing trust in traditional advertisements that has made people to opt for other means of information to guide their purchasing habits. The trust in social networking advertisements is therefore crucial for the success of ecommerce advertisements. Business models for advertising in SNSs are based on the presence of trust among members and the transfer of trust from the online relationship to the owner of the website. Jansen et al (2011) reveals that while people might trust their social network, they do not extend the same trust to the sponsored information that appears on the social networking platforms themselves. The setback facing traditional advertisement media might therefore face ecommerce if they are unable to obtain the trust of the potential customers in social networking. Discussion The desire for people to network online is not a fad that will go away with time. Marketers can therefore with great certainty project that websites like Faceboo k and MySpace are here to stay. Social Networking Sites as a mean of supporting business is important since the public is showing distrust for advertising messages. However, care should be taken to ensure that trust is maintained in the social network setting. Actual face-to-face networks create trust and credibility and it is these traits that are likely to be lost by a business which engages in push advertising in the SNSs. A business should therefore take care to balance the advantages of SNSs with the potential threats that are inherent. While it is possible that social networking is irrelevant to some business, it presents an opportunity for many ecommerce enterprises. Businesses should be willing to invest some time and effort to their social networking efforts. It takes some resources to maintain a following since users stay with businesses whose profiles are dynamic and enjoyable. The business therefore needs to have interesting input and ensure that the interests of the tar get audience are the main focus. Future Works This paper has noted that trust is a major factor in the success of failure of SNSs to assist businesses. Research should be undertaken to establish how SNSs can commercialized trust without destroying that trust. Research also needs to be undertaken to determine if social networking sites actually move businesses. This will assist to propose whether it is practical for a business to pay the SNSs for the advertisements. While the data on click-through supports the use of SNSs for ecommerce, it would be more useful to determine how many click-through ultimately translate in sales for the business. Research could also focus on whether the presence of a business in SNS communities translates to increased sales. Conclusion SNSs are changing ecommerce by giving it an opportunity to grow at a significant rate. This paper set out to discuss whether Facebook and MySpace are good for supporting business. To this end, the paper has documented the rise of SNSs as the preferred means of advertisement and proceeded to offer the benefits and threats that these sites may present to e-commerce. It has been shown that businesses can use these SNSs to gather information that can be used to predict or understand consumer demands. The sites can also be used to expand the market base of a business. The potential to market products through SNSs is very enticing since these sites have the capability to reach most potential customers. Even so, this paper has demonstrated that the use of SNSs presents both an opportunity and challenges for marketers. References Clemons, EK Barnett, S Appadurai, A 2007, The Future of Advertising and the Value of Social Network Websites: Some Preliminary Examinations, Minneapolis: ACM. Ellison, NB Steinfield, C Lampe, C 2007, The benefits of Facebook â€Å"friends:† Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 12(4). Fatim ah, S, Murphy, J 2010, Social Networking as a Marketing Tool: The Case of a Small Australian Company, Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management, 19(1): 700–716. Jansen, BJ Sobel K Cook, G 2011, Classifying ecommerce information sharing behaviour by youths on social networking sites, Journal of Information Science 37(2): 120–136. Provost, F et al. 2009, Audience Selection for On-line Brand Advertising: Privacy-friendly Social Network Targeting, Paris: ACM. Stroud, D 2008, Social networking: An ageneutral commodity — Social networking becomes a mature web application, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice 9(1): 278 – 292. Urstadt, B 2008, Social networking is not a business, Technology Review, 111(4): 36–43. Weber, L 2009, Marketing to the social web: how digital customer communities build your business, New York: John Wiley and Sons. This report on Using Social Networking Sites to Support Business was written and submitted by user Ryland Eaton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Japanese Father essays

Japanese Father essays Japanese fathers spend very little time with their families and the main reason is their need to put their careers as top priority, to earn and provide for their wives and children. Besides this reason of overworking to give a comfortable life for their families, the mindset of fathers that they must maintain a devoted-worker image in front of their colleagues also limited the time fathers have to interact with the children. This mindset developed because of the Japanese society, as it gave more recognition to men who are being  ¡Ã‚ °masculine ¡ and this masculinity is equivalent to men ¡Ã‚ ¯s ability to earn. The other factor contributing to the little time fathers spend with their families is the need to keep a certain distance from their children. This is a psychological factor, for example if you have a father who constantly nags and monitors you, very soon you will most likely not take him too seriously. However, what or who makes the children have this fear of their fathers and will teaches them a lesson if they misbehave when their fathers are not around at home often? Japanese mothers are the ones molding the minds of their children to believe that their fathers are the authoritative figures and must be work-oriented to support the family. Mothers teach their children to be respectful to their fathers and look upon them as role models. Such teachings may be a little exaggerative of the fathers ¡Ã‚ ¯ authority although it is quite effective in making the children respect and fear their fathers, so that they will not misbehave. However, what the mothers say to their children about how great their fathers are may not coincide with how the fathers behave. Another important point of the article is that although Japanese mothers spend more time with the children than fathers, they earn lower level of respect from their children. This is perhaps because the more time you spend with one person, he or she will be able to see ...

A Day as a Priest Essay Example

A Day as a Priest Essay Example A Day as a Priest Essay A Day as a Priest Essay My interview was with Reverend Andrew Booms who has been appointed by the Bishop of Saginaw to serve as the permanent priest for St. Michael Church in Port Austin. I decided to ask him questions about how he became a priest. There are many details I can learn from a priest. I never knew priests have so much to do from visiting the sick, to celebrating mass. There are three main issues I would like to discuss with Father Andy: his childhood, his career, and his typical day of work. When Andrew Booms was very young, he wanted to become a doctor, having a amily and living in the suburbs. As he grew older he wanted to make a difference in the world. While attending Port Hope High School, Father Andy was not a popular young man and did not possess much athletic talent. As a young boy growing up he wanted to live life to the fullest. He did not know one day he would be a pastor. He also didnt know that he would be pastor in his hometown. While interviewing Father Andy, I noticed we have a lot in common. We both want to make a difference in the world. I believe he was chosen by God to speak to the younger generation to tell them heir future is full of brightness. At age of 24 Andrew Booms entered the seminary and attend St. John Vianney Seminary in Minneapolis. Attending St. John Seminary he told me while studying Mother Teresa appeared to him and became his spiritual leader. During my time interviewing Father Andy, I noticed while we were talking he kept saying that when it comes to a career God already has a plan for all of us. According to Father Andy there is a shortage of priests, but there is no shortage of work. Our diocese is undergoing a lanning process to meet both the needs of the community and the limits or demands on priests and deacons. He has planned many trips, like visiting Sacred Heart Seminary in Detroit. I have noticed that this is a man who is strong, and who has a strong belief in Jesus Christ. When I first asked Father Andy about his typical work day, he told me that the great part of his Job us there is no typical work day, but however there are degrees of normal. A normal day would begin with time of prayer, than mass at the parish. After ass he goes into the office, and meets with the secretary and bookkeeper and by noon he is out for lunch and home visits or meetings. After a long day of work he still finds time for exercising, cleaning and then preparing for dinner. Most nights he has an appointment or meeting, but he spends an hour reading and planning for the next day and usually closes the day with an hour or so of TV. After hearing him tell me about his typical work day I was shocked that he does all this plus more. Priests are always on call and they usually get about 5 to 7 hours of sleep a night. Finally we must come to know that everyone is not perfect. After learning that Father Andy had a dream when he was younger and wanted a family I can see truly that he had a future. During his time as a pastor the bishop has the power to assign a priest to a parish. According to Bishop Cistone (Bishop of Saginaw) a priest can be assigned to a parish for 6-12 years between movies, but the Bishop may request an earlier move if the priest is needed elsewhere. A priest does not always serve in a particular town or parish. A day as a priest By dJbellville

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF GREEN CONCRETE AS A BUILDING MATERIAL Essay

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF GREEN CONCRETE AS A BUILDING MATERIAL - Essay Example Green construction looks to balance resource efficiency, social and health issues all through the life cycle of a structure. Among them, green concrete many benefits that help in achieving this objective. This article offers an overview of the contemporary state of green concrete, which have reduced ecological impact. It is also stressed here that the use of green concrete has low energy cost, lower green house gas emissions, as well as low maintenance cost, which, in the long run, leads to sustainable construction materials. In addition, in terms of resource preservation, reuse of industrial byproducts and post-consumer wastes used as a partial replacement for Portland cement clinker, makes green concrete much more durable and eco-friendly. The overall change in the economic landscape and resource utilization factors is at the forefront of many green building movements. The research broadly focuses on the benefits of green concrete in achieving the sustainable and environment friendly construction goal. In regard to the use of concrete in construction, a number of questions arise; would the green concrete alleviate environmental pollution caused by the normal cement? Might there be any compromise in the quality and sustainability of green concrete structure? What are other social and economic contributions of green concrete relevant to the bodies advocating the green concrete? The buildings we reside in have an overreaching effect on our environment. Green building, otherwise referred to as sustainability, seeks to balance health, resource efficiency, as well as social concerns, all through the life cycle of a structure (Penttala 2004, p. 409). Green concrete has a couple of benefits to present in attaining this objective. Cement is a gray powder, which, when added to water, binds stone and sand together to produce concrete. Concrete is the worlds number one building material because of its durability and strength (Hendriks

Agile Software development (individual Reflection Report ) Essay

Agile Software development (individual Reflection Report ) - Essay Example alyze and gather various sets of information on agile development process so as to use its techniques in developing the Student Attendance Monitoring System. The group got information from lecture notes, books and online sources about the Agile Development process. The group was able to come to an agreement that the system offers a framework that is lightweight, entailing a collection of development methodologies which are iterative used by development teams. From the information that the group gathered, it was clear that agile development software delivers working software of high-quality in the functionality of business value. This is the kind of software that the group needed in the development of the monitoring system. Another technique that the group was looking out to in the agile development process was its combination of methodologies such as question-and-answer (QA), project management, and even in engineering practices, together in a way that will help the agile development team through processes of managing, planning and delivery of the software. Every member of the group had a role to play, assigned by the group leader. With the combination of all the roles, the group saw the realization of its objective on the assignment. The members gathered information from sources mentioned earlier. The group was able to compile the information that Agile’s most popular methodologies include the extreme programming methodology (XP), Scrum, Kanban and hybrid methodologies. The group noted that even though these software methods have approaches that are specific and unique to each of them, they have the same core values and share a similar vision stated in the agile manifesto (Holcombe 2008). During the development process, the group employed some of the XP practices. The practices were pair programming, system metaphor, test first development, small release, and continuous integration and collective ownership. All the group members knew how the system works

Parkinsons term paper Essay Example for Free

Parkinsons term paper Essay Parkinsons disease is characterized as a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system which is understood to persist and continually worsen over time. It is the second most common neurological disorder. Parkinson’s disease affects approximately one million people within the United States. This disorder progresses slowly and is unique in the sense that Parkinson’s disease can be caused by genetics among other things. Parkinson’s disease is well known for its characteristic tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with speech in the patients it affects. Parkinson’s disease is caused by diminishment of the substantia nigra in the tegmentum which controls motor functions within the body. This disease is classified as a basil ganglionic disorder which causes a breakdown of dopamineric neurons in the substancia nigra, located in the midbrain. The substancia nigra is composed of neuromelanin which pigments the substancia nigra and gives it its darker characteristic. The neuromelanin also connects to the motor cortex which is responsible for one’s motor control and balance. The chemical dopamine is created in the substantia nigra. The basil ganglia receives inputs from the motor cortex, the association cortex, and the substancia nigra. The basil ganglia then sends messages to the motor cortex by way of the thalamus. With Parkinson’s disease, the nigral neurons are damaged, which causes the neuromelanin to be free to move into the adjacent tissue where it is phagocytosed and moved away by macrophages. This degenerative process not only destroys the process of creating dopamine, but it also causes the pigmentation of the substancia nigra to change and become lighter in appearance. The lack of dopamine-related input from the substantia nigra negatively changes the equilibrium of the output from the basil ganglia to the motor cortex. This alteration in the equilibrium then causes the symptoms related to Parkinson’s disease. The d irect cause of Parkinson’s disease remains a medical mystery, but many factors can participate in determining whether one is susceptible to developing Parkinson’s disease in  the future. The exposure to specific toxins in the environment and various environmental factors has the possibility of playing a role in those who were diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Another possible cause of Parkinson’s disease is the role of one’s genetics. It is found that certain mutations can give rise to Parkinson’s disease, although this is uncommon. The brains of patients with Parkinson’s disease change as the disease progresses. Lewy bodies are microscopic markers that characterize the presence of Parkinson’s disease within a patient. They are abnormal microscopic protein deposits that form in the brain and play a role in disrupting the brain’s normal functions. This disruption causes deterioration. Lewy bodies contain A-synuclein which is a protein that cells cannot break down. Early indicators of Parkinson’s disease include tremors or shaking which can reside in one’s finger, thumb, hand, lip, or chin, though shaking is normal after extensive physical activity, injury, or may be due to medications. If one’s handwriting begins to appear smaller over a short period of time, it could be a warning sign of Parkinson’s although one should not base their self-diagnosis upon handwriting, for handwriting can change as one advances in age, but this happens over time and not suddenly. A loss of smell in specific foods can be an indicator, but a loss of smell can also be related to the possession of the common cold or the flu. Another early sign may be sudden movements while sleeping such as falling out of the bed or kicking and punching. It is important to understand that people on occasion may experience difficulty sleeping. Chronic stiffness can be a sign, but this symptom can also be caused by an injury or arthritis. If one is experiencing constipation on a daily basis, this can be considered a sign of Parkinson’s disease, although a lack of fiber in one’s diet or medications can determine the moving of one’s bowels. Having recently possessed a soft o r low voice is an indicator unless one has a chest cold or other virus. If one has the appearance of a masked face, a blank stare that persists, or undergoes a long duration of time without the action of blinking, these may be precursors to having Parkinson’s disease. Feeling dizzy or fainting can be signs of low blood pressure and may be connected to Parkinson’s disease along with the inability to stand up straight. There are many Parkinson’s-related symptoms that are known today. The most obvious of symptoms is a resting tremor. A shaking, or tremor, normally starts in one’s  limb, and it is often located on a hand or fingers. This resting tremor usually stops when the patient is voluntarily moving the limb affected by the tremor. A â€Å"pill-rolling† tremor is common and is characterized by one rolling one’s thumb and forefinger. These tremors can be noticed when the limb is even at a relaxed state. Due to the tremors and inability to control certain motor functions, writing can become difficult for patient s with Parkinson’s disease. It is noted that when writing, those effected with Parkinson’s disease posses handwriting that is characteristically small. Bradykinesia, or a slowing of movement, can be present. Parkinson’s disease has the ability to cause one to move slower which can make simple every-day tasks a challenge. With bradykinesia, one’s steps may become smaller in distance when being mobile, and one’s feet may begin to drag when walking. Excessive muscle tone or hypertonia may be prevalent in patients with Parkinson’s disease and will manifest itself as stiffness or rigidness which causes pain and a loss in one’s range of motion. Parkinson’s disease patients may experience posture impairment and balance, for a patient’s posture can become stooped, and balance can be lost. Patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease may experience a loss in their autonomic functions which include and are not limited to smiling, swinging one’s arms while walking, and blinking. This loss in autonomic function caused a select number of patients to stop using their hands while speaki ng in normal conversations. Speech changes can affect those living with Parkinson’s disease. One may speak out of rhythm in such a way that it may sound soft, quick, hesitant, monotone or slurred. Diagnosing Parkinson’s disease is not a simple process, for a test for Parkinson’s disease does not yet exist. In order to be diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, a neurologist must first obtain a detailed medical history of the patient being diagnosed, a review of the patient’s signs and symptoms, a physical examination, and a neurological examination. Tests to exclude other conditions may be ordered to ensure proper diagnosis of the disorder. Once a patient has undergone sufficient testing and examining, the doctor may prescribe the patient the medication carbidopa-levodopa, which is a Parkinson’s disease medicine. If the patient improves considerably while on the medication, this often confirms a Parkinson’s disease diagnosis.  There exists a wide-range of treatments for patients that suffer from Parkinson’s disease from drug treatments to surgical treatments. The pharmacologic approach for those with Parkinson’s disease aims to increase the lack of dopamine in the patient’s basil ganglia. L-dopa or Levodopa is a drug that can cross the blood-brain barrier. The brain can convert this drug to dopamine. Carbidopa can also be prescribed to patients afflicted with Parkinson’s disease. Carbidopa is a decarboxylase inhibitor and, when taken with levodopa, can aid levodopa from converting to dopamine outside of the brain. The combination of medications allows for more levodopa to reach the brain which ultimately increases the brain’s supply of dopamine. These two medications decrease the side effects which are caused by an increased amount of dopamine outside of the brain. They reduce the supply of â€Å"free† dopamine from residing outside of the brain. An excess of dopamine outside of the brain could result in low blood pressure, vomiting, and nausea. Other medications include dopamine agonists which directly stimulate nerve receptors inside of the brain which are usually stimulated by dopamine. In contrast to the medication levodopa, dopamine agonists do not convert into dopamine but rather behave like dopamine. Dopamine agonists are utilized in patients that are in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease and may be added to a treatment plan along with levodopa in the later stages of Parkinson’s disease. It may also be added when levodopa alone cannot sufficiently manage the patient’s symptoms or when the patient has severe motor fluctuations. Side effects associated with levodopa-carbidopa include dizziness upon rising, confusion, nausea, movement disorders, and hallucinations. Side effects commonly associated with dopamine agonists are vomiting, nausea, and orthostatic hypotension. Surgical treatment options are available for those who suffer from Parkinson’s. These surgical treatments are intended to control symptoms related to Parkinson’s disease patients who do not positively respond to medications. One of the surgical treatments crea tes a lesion in specific portions of the thalamus within the midbrain which become overactive in Parkinson’s disease. A reversible procedure that can be used on patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease is deep brain stimulation, or DBS. With this procedure, electrodes are implanted into exact locations. These locations are treated then with pulses of electrical currents. Why deep brain stimulation works is unknown. Medical  experts believe that the current could be activating, affecting, or inhibiting synaptic transmission onto neurons in the vicinity of the electrodes. The future prospects for a cure for Parkinson’s disease are promising, for the medical community has begun to identify the genetic causes linked to Parkinson’s disease. This allows the medical community to expand animal models of Parkinson’s disease. These will be highly useful in the process of understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and will be useful in further testing the neuroprotective therapies which can potentially aid in the fight against the progression of Parkinson’s disease. A different potential approach in the future would be to engage in the replacement of lost neurons via transplantation, which would be highly difficult and tedious. Overall, Parkinson’s disease is well on the way to being better understood and through this und erstanding scientists will be able to directly identify the source of this disease and eventually find a method that directly cures this disease. References Etiology. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster. Retrieved March 13,2014, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/etiology Welcome to the Purdue OWL. (n.d.). Purdue OWL: APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01 Parkinson’s: Symptoms Types. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from http://www.webmd.com/parkinsons-disease/guide/parkinsons-symptons-types Parkinson’s disease. (n.d.). Complications. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/parkinsons-disease/basics/complications/con-20028488 Parkinson’s Disease. (n.d.). Parkinson’s Disease. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from http:// courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/parkinsons.html Nisipeanu, P. (n.d.). Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management. Adverse Effects of Dopamine Agonists. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/books/NBK27800/ Levodopa Medicines for Parkinsonâ€℠¢s Disease. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from http:// www.wbmd.com/parkinsons-disease/levodopa-medications-for-parkinsons-disease Dopamine Agonists for Parkinson’s Disease. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved March 13, 2014, from

FLQ Crisis Essay -- essays research papers

On October 5, 1970, British trade commissioner James Cross was kidnapped in his Westmount home by members of the terrorist group Front de liberation du Quebec. The FLQ Manifesto called for non-democratic separation to be brought about by acts of terror. From 1963 to 1967, the FLQ planted 35 bombs; from 1968 to 1970 they planted over 50 bombs. By the fall of 1970 the terrorist acts of the FLQ cells had claimed 6 lives. The kidnappers' demands included the release of a number of convicted or detained FLQ members and the broadcasting of the FLQ Manifesto. The Manifesto was read on Radio-Canada. Then, on October 10th, the Quebec minister of justice guaranteed safe passage to anywhere in the world for the kidnappers in exchange for the safe release of Cross. That same day Pierre Laporte, a famed Quebec reporter, author of The True Face of Duplessis, and the minister of immigration and labour in the Quebec government, was kidnapped by a different FLQ cell on the lawn of his suburban home. Laporte's kidnapping triggered a phone call from Liberal Premier Robert Bourassa asking Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau to prepare the Canadian Armed Forces for action in Quebec and to declare War Measures. Two days later, October 12, Trudeau summoned armed troops to guard potential targets in Ottawa and Montreal such as cabinet ministers, John Diefenbaker, who was on the FLQ hit list, and federal buildings. On the following day, October 13, Peter Reilly of CJOH and I were at the west door of the Centre Block of the House of Commons. Reilly was asking Trudeau some basic questions in a laconic, unemotional style about the army and tanks being in Ottawa. Suddenly we were joined by CBC reporter Tim Ralfe who asked Trudeau a very emotional question about his decision to invoke the War Measures Act. Pierre Trudeau interview An angry Trudeau replied: "There's a lot of bleeding hearts around who just don't like to see people with helmets and guns. All I can say is go on and bleed." "How far are you going to go?" Ralfe insisted."Just watch me!" said Trudeau. And Canadians across the country watched as, at 3 o'clock in the morning, Friday, October 16, Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act. The Press Gallery was packed. Trudeau was careful, cold, analytic - and brilliant. The invocation of the War Measures Act meant the suspension of traditional Canadian civil l... ...erre LaPorte, the Quebec Minister of Labour, and James Cross, The British Trade Commissioner to Canada, were kidnapped by the FLQ. Prime Minister Trudeau put into effect the War Measures Act for the first time in Canadian history during peace time. He did this without consulting parliament. However, parliament voted three days later to approve the use of the act. The civil liberties of the citizens of Canada were suspended while the act was in force. In a few cities, officials used the WMA to clean up the streets, picking up "undesirables" and throwing them into jail. More than 450 people were jailed in Quebec for suspected connections to the FLQ. Most were later released without any charges being laid. After the War Measures Act was put into effect, no other public figures in Canada were kidnapped. Eventually Pierre Laporte was murdered by his captors and Cross was released unharmed after his kidnappers were flown to exile in Cuba. But for many in Quebec, the question was raised : what might the federal government do if Quebec ever did decide to leave Canada... the use of the army in the streets and t he loss of civil liberties left a bad taste in many people's mouths.

The Scopes Monkey Trial Research Paper

The Scopes Trial Today evolution is taught in public schools in America, but it has not always been that way. The legal battle that led to the teaching of evolution in public schools has been a very long one. Creationism was taught in public schools until the late 19th century. Following Darwin’s theories being introduced in 1859 many began to accept evolution during the 1860’s. This would continue in America until a flamboyant, Christian, lawyer named William Jennings Bryan campaigned against the teaching of evolution.Bryan found supporters very easily because of a grassroots movement in America following World War I; which was a vast change in society that led people towards a simpler and more religious lifestyle. This movement led several states to create laws banning the teaching of evolution in public schools. Bryan and his movement was of course opposed by many which led to the legal battles that have taken America from a non-evolution teaching society to the evol ution teaching society it is today. In this paper I will discuss the first major court case that brought significant national attention to these laws.The first major court case that brought significant attention to the laws banning the teaching of evolution in public schools is â€Å"The Scopes Trial† or â€Å"The Monkey Trial† in Dayton, TN in 1925. This trial was the State of Tennessee vs John Thomas Scopes, who was a high school football coach that was also a substitute. Although this case would turn out to be more about Scopes breaking a law than the teaching of evolution in public schools; it was significant in bringing national attention to the laws.After the state of Tennessee passed the Butler Act, which banned the teaching of anything that contradicted the idea of creationism from the Bible, there was a group of businessmen from Dayton, TN who felt they could bring business and attention to their small town thanks to the new law. They devised a plan to find a local teacher willing to oppose the law by teaching evolution in the classroom. They were able to find such a teacher in John Thomas Scopes; Scopes was the perfect candidate. He was young (25), new to teaching (first year), new to town, and was well liked by the towns people.It took little convincing to get Scopes to oppose the law and he did so while substituting a high school biology class. When knowledge of Scopes teaching evolution was made public he was arrested and taken to trial. The trial quickly grew in fame when two of America’s most prominent lawyers took the case. William Jennings Bryan volunteered to serve as the prosecutor for the State of Tennessee which led to Clarence Darrow becoming the Defending lawyer in the case. Darrow was a famous Agnostic, defense, lawyer who wanted to prove Bryan wrong more so than to prove Scope’s innocence.With the new â€Å"celebrity† lawyers on board for the trial; the case quickly gained fame. The business men of Da yton, Tennessee were quickly pleased to see their plan had worked. There were vendors, tourist, and media flocking to Dayton for the trial. The vendors were selling hot dogs, and water outside of the courthouse. The many curious people who came to Dayton to witness the trial caused the town to be flooded with people. All of the hotels were so full it led to many members of the media staying in a warehouse and sleeping on the floor.For the first time there was a national radio broadcast from the courtroom of the trial and the trial was recorded on film. There were so many people in the courtroom that the weight caused the support beams to buckle in the courthouse. The buckling of the beams lead to the trial being held outside one day; then returning inside with a limited amount of people able to attend. During the jury selection Darrow quickly realized he was at odds. It was hard to find an unbiased jury in Dayton Tennessee because the vast majority of residents were Christians and w as neducated on what evolution is. They saw evolution as a direct threat to their religion rather than a scientific theory. The jury ended up being made up of farmers who were mostly illiterate with the majority being church goers; six were Baptist, four Methodist, one Church of Christ, and one was a non-church goer. Since Darrow knew he could not prove that Scopes was innocent of breaking the law. He would rather try to prove that the law itself was unconstitutional; and decided to make his case based on science versus ignorance.He had planned on calling in several scientific scholars as witnesses to argue the topic of evolution over creationism but the judge deemed this unreasonable. The judge did not allow the witnesses and said that the case was about the law and not evolution. This was the case for Darrow but not for Bryan. Bryan argued that creationism was true and spent most of his time in court preaching from the Bible. Bryan even preached to the public on the courthouse ste ps and in the local Methodist church while he was in Dayton.This tactic won over the local people and even the defendant. Scopes was quoted saying â€Å" Bryan was a powerful speaker†. With Bryan’s tactics being allowed by the judge and going over well with the jury and local people Darrow saw only one way to â€Å"win†. Instead of trying to keep Scopes from being convicted he would make his case into a personal vendetta against Bryan’s beliefs. When Darrow presented his defense he called one witness; Bryan. This was a shock to everyone in the court as well as around the country.The judge allowed it as long as Bryan was okay with it. Bryan agreed so he took the stand to be questioned by Darrow. Darrow made the most of his opportunity and questioned the faith that Bryan held so dear. He began by asking him about stories from the Bible and how old the Earth was. He then delved deeper into the creation theory; asking if Bryan knew how long it took God to cre ate the Earth, if the days that were spoke of in Genesis were man’s days or God’s days, and if they differed. Of course; Bryan could not answer truthfully, only guess.This led to Bryan acknowledging that the periods of creation in Genesis could have possible been millions of years rather than days. This gave ground to the theory of evolution to be included in the creationist’s idea of the beginning. The day after Darrow questioned Bryan the judge ordered the testimony to be absolved from the case. He said that it had no bearings on the case. Scopes was found guilty and fined $100. Even though Darrow was unable to prove Scopes innocence he was able to show a chink in the armor of the creationist claims against evolution and make a bigger name for himself.Bryan died five days after the trial in Dayton Tennessee while taking a nap after lunch. Darrow appealed the case to the State Supreme Court in an attempt to get the law deemed unconstitutional. The Supreme Court found that Scopes should not have been fined but did not retry him. It was not until 1965 when the American Civil Liberties Union made a case against the state of Arkansas that the Supreme Court ruled that laws against the teaching of evolution were unconstitutional. Works CitedCrewe, Sabrina and Michael V. Uschan. The Scopes â€Å"Monkey† Trial. Milwaukee: Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2005. Print. Groce, Eric, Tina L. Heafner and Katherine A. O'Connor. â€Å"Monkey Business: Teaching the Scopes Evolution Trial. † Social Studies Research ;amp; Practice (2011): 107-128. Print. Lovorn, Michael G. â€Å"Monkey Town: The Summer of the Scopes Trial. † Social Studies Research ;amp; Practice (2009): 99-106. Print. Singham, Mano. God vs. Darwin. Plymouth: Roman and Littlefield Education, 2009. Book.

Ap American History Essay

1. â€Å"The opponents of the annexation of Texas and the Mexican War attacked slavery as the root cause of expansion, but in fact it was no more important than other causes.† Assess the validity of this statement, using the documents and your knowledge of U.S. history from 1820-1860 to support your answer. During the early-mid part of the 19th century (mainly 1820-1860) Americans objected many things they didn’t like. Taxes, the government, even presidents were some of the rejections of the people. But the one thing the people did not like during this time period was the annexation of Texas and the Mexican War. â€Å"The opponents of the annexation of Texas and the Mexican War attacked slavery as the root cause for expansion.† However, slavery was not the only reason America sought for expansion. Other than slavery, people wanted to expand America because they believed in Manifest Destiny (an idea during the 19th century in which people believed that America should expand over the entirety of North America) or because they feared that Texas was an independent state, even the Gold Rush in California (1848-1855) contributed to the expansion of America. Even though â€Å"the opponents of the annexation of Texas and the Mexican War attacked slavery as the root cause of expansion† the idea of Manifest Destiny, fear, and the Gold Rush were other important causes for expansion. As you may know, slavery was the key reason as to why people wanted to expand America, especially southerners. Abolitionists (people who were against slavery) did not like the idea that the expansion of America was based on slavery, but it was. In Document B it states, â€Å"Texas†¦will strengthen ‘the peculiar institution’ of the South, and open a new and vast field for slavery.† Many southerners wanted Texas to be annexed to America because it would allow the south to have more slave states (states that allowed slavery). However, people feared that if Texas was annexed, slavery would expand everywhere in America, and they did not want that. Document C also talks about slavery. It states that, â€Å"The slave population of America†¦must be increased.† Texas is annexed; it will benefit the South in moving some slaves out of the â€Å"superabundant slave population† and will ultimately improve the living conditions of slaves because they wou ldn’t be as crowded. You see, slavery was an important cause for expansion, but the idea of manifest destiny was just as important. The idea of manifest destiny came about the early part of the 19th century. People who believed in manifest destiny believed that America should be able to expand to the entirety of North America. In Document A, Thomas Hart Benson says, â€Å"†¦the American population has begun to extend itself to the Oregon [Territory]†¦I say to them all, Go on!† People like Mr. Benson want America to expand because they want the world to show the world how prosperous America is. In Document D, John L. O’Sullivan said, â€Å"A population will soon be in actual occupation of California.† In this document, Sullivan was talking about the California Gold Rush (1848- 1855). Since many people on the eastern side of America have been hearing about the sightings of gold in California, many people decided to venture out to California to collect some of it. Thousands of people rushed to California that it was given the term â€Å"gold rush†. The gold rush allowed America to expand itself into California, which was supported by the manifest destiny believers. Document E also talks about the ideas of manifest destiny. It states, â€Å"We ought to have the Bay of San Francisco! Why? Because†¦I think†¦our people [should move there]!† The author of Document E obviously believed in the idea of manifest destiny because he wants to see people in San Francisco, which is in California. The manifest destiny idea helped encourage people to have more pride in their nation, which allowed them to expand from the East coast of America to the West. However, not every idea of expansionism was happy. Others people wanted to expand America because of fear. In Document F it states, â€Å"None can fail to see the danger to our safety and future peace if Texas remains an independent state, or becomes an ally or dependency of some foreign nation more powerful than herself.† After Texas won its independence from Mexico in 1835, Texas could not cede the American Union because it needed to enter America with a free state (a state with no slavery) because of the Missouri Compromise (the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 in which stated that there would be no slavery in the Louisiana Territory above the 36th parallel). Since there were no other states to enter with Texas, Texas had to remain as an independent state for about ten years (1835- 1845). During that time, people urged for a state to enter as a free state with Texas because, since Texas was not a part of America, it could do whatever it wanted. Things like joining a d ifferent nation or starting a war with America were options that were available for Texas. That is why many people wanted Texas to join as quickly as possible. Thankfully, Texas joined with Iowa in 1845. You see, slavery was not the only cause for expansion in America. The idea of Manifest Destiny and fear allowed the expansion of America, even the Gold Rush encouraged people to settle in California, allowing America to expand from the east coast to the west.

10 Steps To Draft A Blog Outline In 10 Easy Minutes

10 Steps To Draft A Blog Outline In 10 Easy Minutes Do you swear that you do a better job writing if you don’t plan and instead, just write in the moment? You may feel  better about your writing experience when you do that, but that doesn’t make the actual writing better. When you are trying to inform or create a structured outcome from your blog post, more planning is better. Outlining what you’re about to write isn’t done the same way by every writer. Outlining, at its barest, is you knowing ahead of time the general idea of what you’re going to write. It’s the road map, the skeleton, the structure, the foundation- you take your pick. Either way, if you’re serious about blogging, some form of blog outline  process should be in your writing toolbox. The 10-Minute, 10-Step Solution For The Best Blog Outline via @JulieNeidlingerHow Blog Outlines Help In a previous post, How Planning Your Blog Content Can Help You Get More Done, I laid out an argument for planning in terms of how it can help you save time. However, planning your content with a blog outline can do more than help you save time- it can help you be a better writer. It can help you train your thought process and keep you from growing a wandering thought process. It also helps you get past writer’s block. Blog outlines are the perfect solution to prevent writer's block. #bloggingThe practicing of outlining is beyond mere planning. It’s a conscious devotion to developing an idea, logically and persuasively. One thing I find very helpful with setting up a basic blog outline, particularly for posts that I need to do a lot of research for, is that I can plug links, snippets, and notes into places on the outline and worry about writing after all the research is done. In this situation, the blog outline helps me know what to look for and what search terms to use. This is a real time saver. There are few things I dread as a writer than a random and orderless collection of research links and notes. The outline lets me write in orderly piecemeal, one section at a time. When I am done, I can go back and streamline the post as a whole so it doesn’t read so choppy. The 10-Minute Blog Post Outline Traditional outlines have a pattern: Main point Point beneath it. Second point. Point beneath it. Next main point. etc. This doesn’t look like a whole lot of fun. It looks like homework. But good news: You don’t have to follow this rather strict approach to outlining. You only have to understand the basic idea that is at work in blog outlines, and apply a flexible version to your blogging. 1. Find the Big Idea Your post isn’t a collection of main stand-alone points (unless it is a list post  of that nature), but with supported points that are related and point back to the Big Idea. If you have lots of Big Ideas in one blog post, you will have a disjointed blog post that would be better broken up into separate posts. What’s a Big Idea? It’s the thing you base your headline on. You can only have one Big Idea per post. So with outlining, you take your Big Idea (headline), break that Big Idea into a handful of Key Points, and then support those key points. What’s a Key Point? A key point is a car without wheels. It needs the rest of the wheels to go anywhere. Together, your key points lead the reader to a conclusion or place of understanding. On their own, they are merely interesting facts or ideas. So what does a ten-minute blog outline approach look like? Remember, you’re not writing the post in ten minutes, but outlining it so it is easier to write. Blog outlines are cars. Key points are the wheels. You won't move  without knowing the destination.2. Understand what the end result must be The first thing is to approach your blog post not with the actual content at all, but understanding what you want from the post. You might ask yourself: Who will be reading it? What do you want them to take from it? Do you have specific research or data that you need to include? What kind of questions does that data beg to be answered? How many ways can that data be interpreted? How many angles can that data be applied to? What call to action (CTA) will you be using? How do you structure the post so that the CTA feels like a solution to your reader? Since any one topic can go in multiple directions, it’s a good idea to know where you want to end up when you build the structure, or you won’t end up anywhere close. 3. List what you have  to mention Depending on what your goal is, there might be specific things you might have to mention. Make a list of them. For example, it might be specific data, like I mentioned in step one. Perhaps your team has gathered up various data from your website analytics. It’s up to you to decide what context you are going to give this data, but whatever you choose, you have to include it. â€Å"Jim, we’ve seen an increase in traffic ever since we changed our site’s header design. Here’s the data. We think it would make an interesting blog post.† Or, perhaps you’ve agreed to feature the infographic or some product announcement from another brand. Whatever the case, if you have a specific piece of information that has to be in the post, you need to center the post around it or it will seem awkwardly added on. Not all blog posts will make use of this step. 4. Figure out what you don’t know If you’re writing a post on a topic and there’s something you want to know but don’t, your reader will feel the same. Make a list of those questions. For example, on a post about using outlines, I might have written: Who started blog outlines? Why? What were they hoping to achieve? How many different outlining techniques are there? When shouldn’t you use an outline? Are there exceptions? I often start blog posts on topics that I’m not readily familiar with by listing questions (I’ll talk more about this in a bit). While I may not use the answers to those questions in the final post, it’s a good place to start research and structure, and you’re going to need it when you build the scaffolding of the outline. Figure out what  complementary info you don't know before you write. It builds credibility.5. Figure out what you do know Write down as headings, phrases, or singular sentences the things you do know. And by â€Å"know†, I mean the things you know as facts or the ideas you’d like to promote whether you have facts to back them  up, or it’s merely an approach you want to take to point your reader in a particular direction. You aren’t writing the post here, so keep it brief. This is only meant to help you structure things for the outline, so avoid writing paragraphs. For example, for this post on blog outlines I might write: Helps me stay on track Outlines keep logic front and center Helps you find weak points where you don’t have support Format can be fluid You won’t necessarily use all of it, but write it down. If you use brainstorming to jumpstart your ideas, some of what you discover during that process may be helpful. For example, mind mapping can reveal several possible paths a topic could take. Choose just one path to follow; with outlining, you are wrangling that broad brainstorming swath into a linear path. 6. Organize all of the lists into related groups Look at the lists you made in steps three, four, and five. It’s time to put order to that mess. Start at the top, and write down your Big Idea as a placeholder headline. It might be helpful to jot down your end goal from step two. Then look your lists, and began moving the items on these lists into groupings of related content. For example, I might look at the lists and decide there are groupings for: History of outlining What outlines do for writers How to outline Using outlines creatively Tools for making outlines I won’t necessarily use all of those sections in the final blog post. It will depend on whether it really fits with the Big Idea and end goal, as well as other restrictions, such as final word count limits. If you’re selling an outlining tool to your reader, for example, they may not really care about the history of outlining and you’ll want to cut that copy so as not to get in the way of copy pointing to a sale. Combine what you know, don't know, audience's needs, and what you want to cover in your outline.If you find a grouping that is made up of only one item, get rid of it. It’s going to be too weak to stand on its own, and it clearly doesn’t fit the Big Idea very well because there was nothing else it paired with. When you do form groupings, you start to see how almost any blog post has the capability of being long-form or short-form, depending on what you decide to do in the next step. 7. Create summarizing headings Now that you’ve grouped all of your potential content, give each grouping a heading that summarizes what it’s about. This isn’t likely to be the heading you use in the final post. It’s mainly meant to be helpful in deciding what stays and what gets cut, and how to write that section. 8. Reorder and cut the heading groups Start to order your groups in a way that fits logically, flowing down from the Big Idea into your end goal. You might want your blog post to persuade, to sell, or to inform. You may want to present your information in terms of cause-and-effect, problem-and-solution, or compare-and-contrast. You can do so much with how a post ends up simply by what you do in this step. If you get the arrangement correct, when you write the post, you’ll stay on the path. Outlining helps writers stay on point and stay focused. If you don’t cut material that doesn’t fit, your outline is loose and will lead you astray. 9. Refine each heading group At this point, you should have a pretty good idea of what your post is going to be about. You have your Big Idea, and you have the sections of copy that will support that big idea topped by a guiding heading. By arranging the groups earlier, you committed to an angle. Rework the headings to help you, the writer, write copy to that angle. Again, this is likely not the final heading the reader sees, but one that gives you direction. Your final heading might be "The 10-Minute Blog Post Outline System", but the one you used while writing it might have been "The Basics Of Outlining". 10. Start writing your draft At this point, you’re ready to write the post. You know where you’re headed, you know where you will end up. You know specifically what you need to research, and where to dump that research back in your draft. You know that your own ideas are where they should be and you don’t have to worry about forgetting to include them. An outline like this will make much better use of your time. The 10-Minute, 10-Step Solution For The Best Blog OutlineWhy I Use This Approach To Outlining Outlining should be like cartilage: strong but flexible. It should provide support, but be malleable enough to adjust it to different blog post scenarios. I don’t use every step every time. But I do use the steps listed above in some form. Most blog posts I write are often assigned topics, and not on what I’m writing from â€Å"gut feelings.† This outlining approach where I gather what comes to mind (what I know) and what I need to find out (what I don’t know) has kept me from writer’s block every single time. I don’t always magically feel inspired, but I do know this process will help me do the work. How To Prevent Writer's Block With A 10-Step Blog Outline SystemEssentially, this outlining system helps you embrace the questions you have about something, instead of fearing the fact that you don’t know a topic. And then this method gives you a system to help organize that along with the ideas that pop into your head. Sometimes, as I’m researching a section, a thought comes to mind that I simply couldn’t have come up with until I started researching. Because I have an outline at work for the post, I simply drop that thought into the section it belongs and come back to it later when I work on that section. This approach is flexible enough to allow for thoughts that occur to you along the way. In other words, you can keep making use of the blog outline until you no longer have to. Put it to work, you can learn a lot by dissecting the work of others. Find a few blog posts you enjoy, or posts of yours that you think were either successful (or not). Break them into outlines. See if you can spot what technique is at work (or not at work). If the post is well-outlined and it reads well, mimic the approach in your next blog post. How Will You Write Your Next Blog Outline? Outlining, particularly for long-form blog posts, is a necessary part of your process. It gets a bad rap because we think of outlining as what we learned in school, full of Roman numerals, numbers, and letters. In reality, it’s about organizing information into groupings and finding the best linear arrangement of those groupings. The end result of creating a blog outline before writing your blog post is making you a better writer, and making your writing better for your reader. The best part? You can do it all with right in our custom editor, or even connecting your Google Docs or Evernote with the workflow you already rock for creating awesome content.

Understanding Soft Power in U.S. Foreign Policy

Understanding Soft Power in U.S. Foreign Policy Soft power is a term used to describe a nations use of co-operative programs and monetary aide to persuade other nations to ascribe to its policies. With U.S. State Department budget cuts likely in the wake of the August 2, 2011 debt ceiling deal, many observers expect soft-power programs to suffer. Origin of the Phrase "Soft Power" Dr. Joseph Nye, Jr., a noted foreign policy scholar, and practitioner coined the phrase soft power in 1990. Nye has served as the Dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard; Chairman of the National Intelligence Council; and Assistant Secretary of Defense in Bill Clintons administration. He has written and lectured extensively on the idea and usage of soft power. Nye describes soft power as the ability to get what you want through attraction rather than through coercion. He sees strong relations with allies, economic assistance programs, and vital cultural exchanges as examples of soft power. Obviously, soft power is the opposite of hard power. Hard power includes the more noticeable and predictable power associated with military force, coercion, and intimidation. One of the main objectives of foreign policy is to get other nations to adopt your policy goals as their own. Soft power programs can often influence that without the expense- in people, equipment, and munitions- and animosity that military power can create. Examples of Soft Power The classic example of American soft power is the Marshall Plan. After World War II, the United States pumped billions of dollars into war-ravaged western Europe to prevent it from falling to the influence of the Communist Soviet Union. The Marshall Plan included humanitarian aid, such as food and medical care; expert advice for rebuilding destroyed infrastructures, such as transportation and communication networks and public utilities; and outright monetary grants. Educational exchange programs, such as President Obamas 100,000 Strong initiative with China, are also an element of soft power and so are all varieties of disaster assistance programs, such as flood control in Pakistan; earthquake relief in Japan and Haiti; tsunami relief in Japan and India; and famine relief in the Horn of Africa. Nye also sees American cultural exports, such as movies, soft drinks, and fast-food chains, as an element of soft power. While those also include the decisions of many private American businesses, U.S. international trade and business policies enable those cultural exchanges to occur. Cultural exchanges repeatedly impress foreign nations with the freedom and openness of U.S. business and communication dynamics. The Internet, which reflects American freedom of expression, is also a soft power. President Obamas administration has reacted harshly to attempts of some nations to curb the Internet to eliminate the influence of dissidents, and they readily point to the effectiveness of social media in encouraging the rebellions of Arab Spring. As such, Obama recently introduced his International Strategy for Cyberspace. Budget Problems for Soft Power Programs? Nye has seen a decline in the United States use of soft power since 9/11. The wars of Afghanistan and Iraq and the Bush Doctrines use of preventive warfare and unilateral decision making have all eclipsed the value of soft power in the minds of people at home and abroad. Given that perception, budget woes make it likely that the U.S. State Department- coordinator of most of Americas soft power programs- will take another financial hit. The State Department already suffered $8 billion in cuts to the remainder of its FY 2011 budget in April 2011 when the president and Congress made a deal to avoid a government shutdown. The August 2, 2011, debt ceiling deal which they reached to avoid a debt default calls for $2.4 trillion in spending cuts over by 2021; that amounts to $240 billion in cuts each year. Soft power supporters fear that, because military spending became so predominant in the 2000s, and because the State Department accounts for only 1% of the federal budget, it will likely be an easy target for cuts.

Walmart Foreign Expansion Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Walmart Foreign Expansion Case Study - Essay Example The company adapted practices to fit the nature of Mexico market before transforming the market culture of American practices. However, the company has been criticized for bribery cases in the establishment of outlets in Mexico involving the executives. The company has fought these allegations through internal investigations as well as inviting other authorities not only for Mexico but also other markets which promote Walmart’s reputation. The company faced difficulties in penetrating the Japan market due to strong government protection for the local firms. The company has adopted some local practices that have promoted growth through acquired local firms. The same is observed in the China’s market that where company has adopted labor practices and considerations for customer tastes and preferences. The company has however failed in the Germany and Korea markets due to failure of adapting practices in accordance to the nature of markets in these countries. For instance, in Germany, the company disregarded labor practices and failed to hire locals to enhance management. The company also failed to improve the quality of the products and items offered. Walmart could not succeed in other countries by adopting its wholesome merchandising strategy. This is because the global markets present different factors that are not observed in the American market. Different countries have varied cultures, economic conditions and other factors that shape tastes and preferences of the locals. Firms that would succeed in these markets should satisfy the customer needs and therefore a flexible merchandising strategy is appropriate for use to promote success. Following this, Walmart would apply part of its marketing strategy that is valid for to a country and adopt other local practices to the company’s strategy. Failure to apply flexible marketing strategy, the company would experience

Extensive Review and Analysis of Nursing Leadership Assignment

Extensive Review and Analysis of Nursing Leadership - Assignment Example The management is boosted by effective control that is geared towards directing personnel to perform their task at the right time. In many cases, this type of leadership focuses on short-term planning. Since it involves short terms planning, they have to achieve their goals in the short terms, in order to structure other objectives. For instance, in implementing this leadership element in a long term facility, horizontal management has to be implemented. Though there is less reliance on this type of leadership, it is proving to be effective in management. In this transactional leadership, there is frequent restructuring and control of the personnel. For instance, in a long term facility, nurses have to be managed in ensuring all the queues in a facility are served. This is a short term goal that may be done on a daily basis. When the queues are seen to be in constant motion and receiving services, the management is in control. However, in instances where there are stagnant queues, it is admissible that the nurses are working at a slow pace. In such a case, many people might not get the services from the facility. In a long term facility, juniors and any other person below the leader should be obedient to the instructions. The leaders act as a formal authority designed to manage and control all the staff under the manager. As such, the people below the manager constantly obey any directive that is given. In a conservative explanation, the junior staff below the manager may be considered followers. The responsibility of creating directions, organizing responsibility, and making decisions is solely obligated to the top managers (Grossman and Valiga, 2005). For instance, nurses work under doctors in a... This paper stresses that The leaders are required to show others what should be done in certain situations. For instance, when there is a hygiene problem in a long term facility, a servant leader may come in handy. A leader that starts to clean a dirty environment while the other junior staff members are around instills some discipline. This will trigger their conscience to act appropriately. In the mean time, the junior staff members may find it hard to leave their leader to do some odd jobs. To avert the situation, they may follow suit in cleaning. In this scenario, the leader does more of a servant role than leading the people. There are various assumptions that are considered in this leadership, in reflection to long term facilities. The first assumption is that leadership is instilled through doing what a leader wants others to do. This report makes a conclusion that nursing is a vital subject in ensuring the world is healthy and stable. With diminishing quality of services in the nursing profession, people may not acquire the best from the profession. Therefore, it needs a structured leadership style that will ensure all the activities are done accordingly. For instance, in areas where they register large numbers of patients, the leadership style should ensure the nurses serve people with zeal. This will ensure all the people are served to utter optimum. Similarly, in areas where most of the work done is volunteer work, a servant leader would be appropriate. A leader who leads by example would encourage other people to do the same.